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Spookily there is a good article about workhouses in this month's BBC History Magazine. Will pass it on if anyone wants to read it. Also recommends places that can be visited.
Provision of state-funded poor relief was crystallised in the 1601 Poor Relief Act.
Although the institutions were termed "work-houses" they were originally more often than not, non-residential, offering handouts in return for work. In 1723 the Workhouse Test Act won parliamentary approval, and this embodied the principle that the prospect of the workhouse should act as a deterrent and that relief should only be available to those desperate enough to accept its regime.
After 1834, if allowed into a workhouse, families would be assessed. Men and women separated, as were able-bodied and infirm. Those who were able to work did so for bed and board. Parents and children were allowed to meet briefly daily or on Sundays.
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