Dover.uk.com
If this post contains material that is offensive, inappropriate, illegal, or is a personal attack towards yourself, please report it using the form at the end of this page.

All reported posts will be reviewed by a moderator.
  • The post you are reporting:
     
    If...equality...

    "The isolated man can supply but a very small portion of his
    wants; all his power lies in association, and in the intelligent
    combination of universal effort. The division and co-operation
    of labour multiply the quantity and the variety of products; the
    individuality of functions improves their quality.

    There is not a man, then, but lives upon the products of several
    thousand different industries; not a labourer but receives from
    society at large the things which he consumes, and, with these,
    the power to reproduce. Who, indeed, would venture the
    assertion, "I produce, by my own effort, all that I consume; I
    need the aid of no one else"? The farmer, whom the early
    economists regarded as the only real producer--the farmer,
    housed, furnished, clothed, fed, and assisted by the mason, the
    carpenter, the tailor, the miller, the baker, the butcher, the
    grocer, the blacksmith, &c.,--the farmer, I say, can he boast
    that he produces by his own unaided effort?

    The various articles of consumption are given to each by
    all; consequently, the production of each involves the
    production of all. One product cannot exist without another; an
    isolated industry is an impossible thing. What would be the
    harvest of the farmer, if others did not manufacture for him
    barns, wagons, ploughs, clothes, &c.? Where would be the
    savant without the publisher; the printer without the
    typecaster and the machinist; and these, in their turn, without a
    multitude of other industries? . . . Let us not prolong this
    catalogue--so easy to extend--lest we be accused of uttering
    commonplaces. All industries are united by mutual relations in a
    single group; all productions do reciprocal service as means and
    end; all varieties of talent are but a series of changes from the
    inferior to the superior.

    Now, this undisputed and indisputable fact of the general
    participation in every species of product makes all individual
    productions common; so that every product, coming from the hands
    of the producer, is mortgaged in advance by society. The
    producer himself is entitled to only that portion of his product,
    which is expressed by a fraction whose denominator is equal to
    the number of individuals of which society is composed. It is
    true that in return this same producer has a share in all the
    products of others, so that he has a claim upon all, just as all
    have a claim upon him; but is it not clear that this reciprocity
    of mortgages, far from authorizing property, destroys even
    possession? The labourer is not even possessor of his product;
    scarcely has he finished it, when society claims it.

    "But," it will be answered, "even if that is so--even if the
    product does not belong to the producer--still society gives each
    labourer an equivalent for his product; and this equivalent, this
    salary, this reward, this allowance, becomes his property. Do
    you deny that this property is legitimate? And if the
    labourer, instead of consuming his entire wages, chooses to
    economize,--who dare question his right to do so?"

    The labourer is not even proprietor of the price of his labour, and
    cannot absolutely control its disposition. Let us not be blinded
    by a spurious justice. That which is given the labourer in
    exchange for his product is not given him as a reward for past
    labour, but to provide for and secure future labour. We consume
    before we produce. The labourer may say at the end of the day, "I
    have paid yesterday's expenses; to-morrow I shall pay those of
    today." At every moment of his life, the member of society is in
    debt; he dies with the debt unpaid:--how is it possible for him
    to accumulate?

    They talk of economy--it is the proprietor's hobby. Under a
    system of equality, all economy which does not aim at subsequent
    reproduction or enjoyment is impossible--why? Because the thing
    saved, since it cannot be converted into capital, has no object,
    and is without a FINAL CAUSE."

    From; What Is Property? By P-J Proudhon (1809-Dec.19th 1864)
    This book is freely available from archive.org

Report Post

 
end link